The series “Defence Innovation : New Models and Procurement Implications” examines the evolving models of defence innovation and their implications for the management of armament programmes across Europe. Following in the footsteps of the United States, European countries are rethinking their approaches to fostering innovation in the field of defence technologies. They are focused on expanding collaboration with the private sector, in order to better involve dual-use technologies. The comments delve into how these innovation strategies are reshaping national defence industries, and how government policies influence the development of innovation ecosystems. The link is made with the European Defence Fund.